THE OSI MODEL
αααα»αααααΆαα‘α©α€α§ International Standard Organization ααΆαααΎαα‘αΎα ααΆαααΆαα·ααΆααα ααΆα
αααΎαααΆαααααααα·α
αα
αααααααααααΆαααααα·ααααααα
ααΎ International Standardα ISO Standard ααααααααααααααα·αααααΆαααΆααα’αααααα Network Communication ααΊ Open System Interconnection(OSI) Modelα Open System ααΊααΆαα»ααα½ααα Protocol αααα’αα»ααααΆαα’ααααααααααα’αα»αααααΆααααΎααΆαααΆααααααααΆ ααααα·ααα·αα’αααΈααΎαααααΎαααΆααα‘αΆα αα Architecture α α’αααααα·αααΆα Protocol αααααΆαααααΆαααΆααααΆαααα·αααΆαααΆααααααααΆαααΆα αααααααααα»αααααΆα ααααααααααα OSI model ααΊααΎαααΆαααΆααααααααΆαααΆααααααααααα»αααααΆ ααααα·αααααΌαααΆαααααΌααα
ααΆ logic ααααΎαααααΎα Hardware αα·α Software αα
ααα OSI Model αα·ααααααΆ Protocol αα ααΆααΆ Model αα½αααααΆααααΆαααααα·αααΆαααα Networkβ architecture αα½ααααα’αΆα
αααααααα½ααα
ααΆαααΆαααααα α αΎαα’αΆα
ααααΎααααΆαααα
αα·α αα
ααααΆαα
1-THE MODEL
OSI model ααΊααΆαααααΆαααααααΆααααααααααΆαααααααααααα Network α’αα»ααααΆαααΆαααααΎ ααααΆααααααααααααΆαααααααααα Computerββ αααααααααααα OSI modelβ ααΊααΆαααααΆαααααα»αααΆαααΆα ααααΆααααΆαααααααααααα Network ααΎααααΈααααΎααΆαααΆααααααααααΆαααααααααα Computer ααααααααααα ααΆααα’ααα OSI ααΆαα§αααααΆααααΆα
ααααα‘ααααΈααααΆ αααααααααααΆαααα·αα½αα ααΆαααααΆααααααβααααΆαααΆααα·ααααα·α αααααΆααααΆααα§αααα OSI ααΊα
Application Layer (αααααΆααααΈα§) |
Presentation Layer (αααααΆααααΈα¦) |
Session Layer (αααααΆααααΈα₯) |
Transport Layer (αααααΆααααΈα€) |
Network Layer (αααααΆααααΈα£) |
Data Link Layer (αααααΆααααΈα’) |
Physical Layer (αααααΆααααΈα‘) |
1-1-Layered Architecture
OSI model ααααΌαααΆαααΆααααα‘αΎαααΆα§αααααΆαα βPhysical (layer1), Data Link(layer2), Network(layer3), Transport(layer4), Session(layer5), Presentation(layer6), Application(layer7)αβ αααααΆααααΆααα‘αΆαααΆαααΎααααΌαααΆαααΆααααΆααααααααΆαα
ααα Message ααααΆααααΈ A αα
β Bβ ααΆααΊααααααΆααα
αααααααα§ααααα(Intermediate node) αβ
Intermediate node ααΆαααααααΆααΌαα
ααΆααααΆαααΆαααααα
ααΎαααααΆααααααΌαααΈαααα OSI modelαββ αα
αααα»αααΆααα·αααααα Model αααα’αααααΆααααααΆαααααααΆααααααΆαααα Process ααΎααααΈαααααΌα Data αα
αααΆαααΆαα»ααΆααΌαααααΆαααΆα
αααΎαααααααΆα αα½αααΆααΆαααααΆαααα»αααΆα αααααΆααααααΆαααααΆααααααααααΆααΆααααααααααααΎ αα·ααααααΌααααα»ααα»αααΆαααΆααααα α
αΌααα
αααα»ααααα»αααΆα
ααααΈααααΆ α αΎαααααΆααα
ααΆαααααΆααα αααααΆαααα·αα½ααααΆααααααααΆ αααα½ααΆααααα½α ααα»αααααα»αααΆααααααααΈααααΆα ααΆααααααΆαααααα OSI Model ααΊα’αΆα
αααααα αααααααα½αααΆααααΆαααΌααααΌααΆα αααα’αα»ααααΆαα’αααααααααΌαααΆααααααΌα Data αααΆααααααααα αα·αααΌα
ααααΆααΆαα½αααΆααααΆααΌαα
αααααΆαααα·αα½αα αα
αααααα§ααααααααααΌαααΆα αααααα αααααΆαααααΆαααααα½αααααααΆ αα
ααΎ Message ααΆααΆαααα½αααΈαααααΆααααΆαααΎα αΎααααααΌα αααααα
αααααΆααααΆααααααααα αααααΆαααΆααααααααααααΆαααααααΆ Header α« Trailer(ααΆα’ααααααα½ααα·αα·αααααΎ Data ααααΌαααΆα αααααα½ααα»ααα
α
ααα»α
α
αΆααααααΎα ααΊ α
ααα»α
α
α»ααααα
αααα Data)α Headerβ ααααΌαααΆααααααααα
ααΎ Data ααααααααααΆααααΈα¦,βα₯,α€,α£,βα’α α
αααα Trailer ααααΌαααΆααααααααα
ααΎ Data ααααααααααΆαα ααΈα’α
1-2-Interface between layers
ααΆαααααΎααααΎααα Data αα·α Network Information ααααααΆααα
α»ααααααααΆααααααΆααααααΆααααααΌα αααααααΆαααΈα αα·αααΆααααα‘αααααα·αααααααΆααα‘αΎαααΆααααααΆααααααΆαααα½ααααααααΆαααΈα ααΊααααΎααααα
ααΆααααααΆα Interface αααΆαααΌααααααααΆαααα
ααΆααααααΆα Interface αα·αα½ααααααα Information and service αααααΆαααα½αααααΌααααααααααααΆαααααααΆααααΆαααΎααΆαββ ααΆαααααα Interface αα·ααα»αααΆααααααααααΆααααΊααααα Network αα½αα ααΌα
ααΎαααΆαααΎααααααααα αΎααααααΆαααα½ααα
ααααααα Expected service α
αααα αααααΆααααΆαααΎααΆ ααΆαααααα·ααααα·ααΆααααααααα»αααΆαααααααΆα’αΆα
αααααααα½α α«ααααΌααααα½αααα αα·αα
αΆαααΆα
αααααΌαα’ααααΆαααΆαααααΆααααααΌααα»ααα·ααααααΆααα
1-3-Organization of the layers
αααααΆααααΆααα’ααα§ α’αΆα
α
ααααΆαααα»αααΌα
αα£α αααααΆααααΈα‘,β αααααΆααααΈα’, αα·αααΈα£(Physical, Data Link, and Network) ααΆαααααΆααααααααααααααΆαα Networkα αα½αααΆααααΌαααΆαααααααΌαααΆαααα ααα Physical aspect ααααΆααααααΆααααΈ Data ααΈα§ααααααα½α αα
α§ααααααα½αααΌα
ααΆ Electrical specification, physical connections, physical addressing, Transport timing and Reliabilityα
αααααΆααααΈα€ ααΊ Transport layer ααΆαααααΆααααααΆαα Link αααα»αααΌα
ααΆααααΈαααααΎααΆαααααΉαααααΌα αα·αα
αααΆααααΆααααΆα’αααΈ Lower Layer ααΆααααααΌααα
αααα»ααααααα½αααα Upper Layer α’αΆα
ααααΎααΆαα Layer 5, 6, and 7β ααΊSession, Presentation, αα·α Applicationβ ααΆαααααΆαα ααααΆαααααααααααααααα’αααααααΎ(User)α αα½αααΆα’αα»ααααΆαα’ααααΆααααααααΆαααΎαααΆααααΆαααααΆαααα»αα
αααα αααααααα Software ααααα·ααααα·ααααα·αααααΆα Upper OSI Layer ααΆαα
αααΎαααΊααΆαααααΆαααααααΆααα
αααα»αβ Software α
αααα Lower Layer ααΊααΆααΆααα½ααααα
αΌαααααΆααΆααα’αα Hardware αα·α Software ααΎαααααα Physical LayerαααααααΆααΆ Hardwareα